A lot of people know what are the veins of the legs at the varicose veins in the defeat. But tumidus livid, the vessels appear in patients are not immediately. The disease develops gradually, and thus the deterioration of the state you can't admit it. Knowing what are the stages of varicose veins on the legs, the measures allow to stop the disease, we are able to take care of their health. Quick access to a doctor and to a change of way of life will keep of complications and disability.
The stage of the disease
The varicose disease of the veins of the lower limbs develops gradually. A set of symptoms of this vascular pathology is part of the scaena course. In the classification describe the stages of varicose veins of the lower limbs:
- Phase 1 – the compensation;
- 2 – stage subcompensated;
- 3 phase – decompensation.
Sometimes, the complications of the disease include, the events of the 4 stages of varicose veins.
Some patients call the phase in degrees. In reality, degrees to assess the severity of manifestations of chronic venous insufficiency:
- 0 degree — failure missing;
- 1 — manifestations of a syndrome of "heavy legs";
- 2 — unstable, swelling,
- 3 — continued swelling, the emergence of hyperpigmentation, lesions in the subcutaneous tissue, eczema;
- 4 – the appearance of venous ulcers.
To get an idea of how the disease develops, it is necessary to look closely at the photo stages of varicose veins and clarifications on the description of the symptoms of this vascular pathology.
Phase 1
The description of the first phase of varicose veins which deserves greater attention because the appearance of changes at this level often go unnoticed. The appearance of the members is not changed. People who have similar symptoms, do not rush to consult a doctor and to change something in his life, habits. This causes a loss of valuable time and resources of the organization. In fact, this is the first phase of varicose veins, you can face the disease with the least loss.
The symptoms
It is necessary to pay attention to these signs:
- In the legs is a sensation of heaviness.
- There is pain in the area of the calves and feet "tired".
- The swelling of the feet and ankles.
- Cramps in the muscles of the legs during the night.
- On the skin, visible veins, hair nets.
The discomfort in the legs when varicose veins 1 degree appears in the evening or after a large burden: if a person has a long time standing or walking over long distances. The disease is compensated for the normal state of the activity does not suffer. Therefore, patients describe the symptoms occurring at the end of a hard day and not give them value.
On the note!
After a night of sleep or rest discomfort and swelling pass. The small venous "gear" on the thighs or the hips perceive as cosmetic defects, is not a pretext for the cure. Therefore, the complaints at this stage of varicose veins non. Its state of the patients consider themselves as "tired," or "a feature of these feet."
Treatment
In the first phase of varicose veins already need the consultation ben the ado vascular. The treatment includes:
- The therapeutic use of knitwear for continuous wear. At this stage, it is convenient to select the products of class 1 compression. Their port will help normalize the flow of blood to legs and feet and prevents the continuation of the development of the disease.
- Physiotherapy. The procedure called phlebologist; worked well the use of magnetic therapy. Also, when initial manifestations recommend to take the laser treatment, helping to fight against the ministers of vascular asterisks.
- The appointment of exchange rate medicines that affect the vascular wall
- Sclerotherapy and microsclerotherapy. At the onset of the signs of varicose veins spend bonding affected veins, by introducing in their clearing special substance – sclerosant.
- Hydrotherapy: cool bath, the showers of the night to relieve swelling and improve the tone of veins.
On the note!
The change of mode of life: the normalization of weight, hormone levels, the refusal of bad habits, as well as physical exercises aimed at the stimulation of the flow of blood to the vienna of the legs, will reduce the risk of progression of varicose veins.
Step 2
If you do not take measures, vascular disorders lead to changes in the wall of the vein, the valves can't cope with the increased load. The symptoms of the first phase of economic more pronounced, the new ones are added. The disease starts limiting the means of subsistence. Spider veins takes the stage subcompensation.
The symptoms
Patients at this stage of the note:
- The swelling of the legs.
- The pain in the legs.
- The abdominal distension in the area of the shins.
- Frequent cramps in the legs at night.
- Violated the sensitivity of the skin on the feet, appear "goose bumps".
- On the feet are visible, plus blue veins.
For varicose veins of degree 2 is characteristic of the conservation of unpleasant symptoms and after a period of rest. Thus, the swelling of the legs for a night does not pass, the pain will begin to occur, even after the ordinary expenses.
About the disease eloquently speak of the veins protruding on the lower limbs. They are visible to the rear surface of the leg, in the fossa popliteal inner thigh. The skin is more dazzled by the veins can itching, numbness occurs, there may be initial manifestations of pigmentation. Spider veins most commonly affects the vessels of the two feet, but there is unilateral of the event.
Treatment
The second phase of varicose veins will need to wear constant compression machine 2 of the class. This shirt brings a greater compressis action, preventing the development of structural changes in the walls of the veins, and deformation of valves. After operations or surgical treatment, the doctor may recommend the use of elastic bands request for information.
- The drug therapy at this stage of varicose veins on the legs will not be as effective as with initial manifestations. Recommend the appointment of venotonic and vascular medicine.
- Girudoterapiya. The application of leeches can improve the properties of the blood, to reduce the disorders of blood flow and swelling.
- The sclerotherapy.
- Short-Stripping – surgery to remove the plots contaminated in vienna.
- The use of surgical method Foam-form. The essence of the procedure lies in the introduction in the large veins of the foam sclerosant. The injection of substances to block blood vessels.
- Hydrotherapy, showers.
Step 3
During the transition of varicose veins in the third stage, the symptoms of lesions of the veins of the legs are covenant stagnant phenomena and the violation of nutrition of tissues. Expressed in the skin, changes in the stage of decompensation, easy to spot with the naked eye. The manifestations of varicose veins 3 degree greatly limit the vital functions of the patient.
The symptoms
Here are the clinical signs of this phase:
- On the road of the veins is celebrated and expressed pain.
- The swelling of the legs, are permanent.
- Patients note expressed of heaviness in the lower limbs.
- The abdominal distension, pain, worry almost constantly, the rest does not improve the condition of the feet.
- Night occur frequent cramps in the legs.
- The veins begin to exceed the, they have expanded on all or on some sites, convoluted, are blue-purple color.
- Around large visible veins fine mesh of small vessels.
- At this stage, are expressed in the skin, changes: dryness, scaling, thinning, the appearance of the brown pigmentation of the colour dazzled by the veins.
- To stagnate in the veins and the lymphatic system under the skin fibers begin to condense.
- The eating disorders on the 3 step led to the deterioration of the quality of the nails, loss of vegetation on the feet.
- The violation of the blood circulation causes the appearance of a bluish tint of the calves and feet "cold sensation".
Treatment
The phase of decompensation, variceal recommend wearing a jersey of compression of class 3 compression or the use of elastic bands request for information.
The drug treatment courses, including venotonic, vascular drugs. If you are experiencing pain recommend local use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs of the nature.
The surgical treatment is at this stage of varicose veins occurs in larger amounts when initial manifestations of the disease. On the desirability of the destination of such or such a method may speak only after a thorough examination, detect the complications and co-morbidities.
Complications
This phase of varicose veins, patients are often " called 4 the degree of the disease, so it is necessary to stop on the description of the symptoms of the following. The onset of complications related to a change of the state of the wall of the veins, of the violation of local blood circulation. Lack of nutrition of the tissue in the varicose veins leads to trophic changes. The vessels of the legs economic more and more fragile, so easily torn from low impact, which leads to bleeding or paste elements of the blood (platelets), to sites of damage. Thus, during the execution of the varicose veins develop the following complications:
- Ulcers trophic. On the skin of the feet appear violet-purple spots, iup, on this site occurs a default skin with flaming, jagged edges. To the surface of the wound may ooze a yellowish disorder of the liquid. If will join to the infection, may be the appearance of pus. This condition is difficult to treat.
- The hemorrhage. At this stage of the disease varicose veins the walls of veins on the legs became more slender, and fragile economic. The bleeding may be associated with something extra to damage to or arise spontaneously. The blood drips to the outside or into the hypodermis.
- Thrombophlebitis. At the time of onset of this complication of varicose veins the patients complain of pain along affected of vienna, the swelling of the legs. The purpose of touching the cooler. If thrombophlebitis is appeared in the superficial veins, the location of the lesions is possible to determine during the inspection: on the hearth of inflammation, expressed with pain, the skin appear bagrovo-red stripes.
- The deep vein thrombosis. One of the most serious complications in the phase of decompensation. It is a complication of patients with varicose veins not notice immediately, because the clot is not always overlaps the vein completely. The pain, the swelling of the legs. Bright skin symptoms non. The complication is dangerous margin of a blood clot and slip into the branches of the pulmonary artery with a time course of thromboembolic disease, from which the patient dies in a few seconds.
Treatment
The treatment of varicose veins 4 degree (or complications of the disease) may require hospitalization to the hospital because of the impossibility of state control in house conditions. The danger of this stage is not only in the emergence of life-threatening conditions, but in the case of the recurrence of complications.
- The drug treatment includes the application of the venotonic, vascular anti-inflammatory drugs.
- Upon the occurrence of venous ulcers opts for the local treatment, aiming to accelerate the healing of these defects of the skin, the antibiotic treatment.
- When the thrombophlebitis superficial veins pass venectomy.
- The deep vein thrombosis are treated at the hospital: conservative drug, dissolving a blood clot and reduce its viscosity, or to perform a thrombectomy.
It is important!
The bleeding of the varicose veins when the varicose veins immediate help: superimpose a pressure bandage with, raise the arms system by the possibility of joining the ice and call an ambulance.
Physiotherapy is also recommended for the complications of varicose veins:
- the ultraviolet radiation;
- magnet therapy;
- pneumomassage;
- girudoterapiya.
At the onset of the first signs of varicose veins should immediately seek for a medical help, in order to avoid the progression of the disease and the onset of potentially fatal complications.